Power appliance.



M. 0. WHITE an 0. c. DUEYEA.

POWER APPLIANGE.

1,187 y APPLICATION FILED JUNE 11, 190s. n Patente-d Feb. 2 1905.

5sHEETs-sHEE T"1. A I

M. o. WHTE & o. @.DURYEA. POWER APPLIANCE- APPLIQATION FILED .TUNE 11, 1908.

Patented Feb. '2, 1909.

M10. WHITE & o. o; DURYBA. POWER APPLIANGE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 11, 1908.

M. G. WHITE & 0. C. DURYEA.

POWER APPLIANCE.

APPLIOATIoN FILED JUNE 11, 190e.

'911, 187. Patented Feb. 2, 1909.

n t A 6 SHEETS-SHEET 5. Eig/z5..

- ing, punching,

Vso

ings- Fi UNITED STATES.

PATENT. OFFICE.

MORRIS C.y WHITE AND'OTIIC C'. DURYEA, or Los-ARGELES, CALIFORNIA, fission-ons To AMERICAN eAsTooL C OMPANnoE PROENIX,y ARIZONA TERRITORY, Aj CORPORATION OF ARIZON TERRITORY.

POWER aPrnIANoE".

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Een. 2,1909.

application fried :une 11, 196s. serial no. 437,961.'

To all it my concern:

WI-IITE and OTHO CRO'M'WELL DURYEA, both citizens ofthe United States,- residing at Los Angeles,A in ,the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Power Appliance, of which the following is'a specification'. This invention relates to improvements in the construction of internal-combustion power-'appliances for riveting, die-operatclass described for the' purpose of rendering them particularly rapid,certain and powerful in operation.

In carrying out our invention We provide an internal combustiony cylinder, a piston therein, a work performing member operatively connected with the piston, means for compressing an explosive charge in the cylinder behind the piston, charge igniting means and means for exhausting theproducts of combustion. We may also employ pressure multiplying mechanism, between worlrerforming mg'mibenv In' t e con-struction vide an electrically actuated degree desired in each separate instance.

trolling the degree of compression of the eX- plosive mixturey at the time of explosion, and` also means for automatically igniting the `charge when Compressed 4to the `desired degrec. We also provide othern `improvements In details of construction and, combinations of parts alias-hereinafter set forth.

For the4A purpose of illustrating our improvements We Jrorln when applied to a riveting machine. l

Referring to `the accompanyingvure 1 is a partly brokenside "leva- -e machine, showing ourf 'iiialtion of t combustion vpow'er-generator, anda toggleshearing, pressing, briquet-` jing and other machines of a character be accomplished, by a single' promeans, as a toggle-V the power-piston andy herein shown we propump Yfor foreing the explosive mixtureinto the cylinder. and for compressing it tothe We" also provide improved means for positively conshow themv in one, desirable between the power-generator and work perofthe toggle mechanism and attendant parts being indicated by full and dotted lines; Figs-2 and... fragmentary vlevvs ,illustrating the operations of the glme'chanism and the man ner of setting `a rivet; Fig. 4, a broken rear elevation of the upper part of the machine; Fig. 5, an enlarged View of the power-generating portion' o'f the machine, the' view being partly in elevation, partly' diagrammaticv and `partly' in section on' line'X5 in Fig. 6. corresponding'with line'X5 in Fig. 10. .Fig. 6a cr'ss's'ectionon lines X6 in Figs'. 5 and 10'; Fig. broken and partly' sectional view showing me'chan'isms, housed'within a controlling 'boX for regulating" the admission of' explosive mixture to the I n'aiI'il cylinder, its pressure against the powerl piston its Iexplosion and its exhaust 5 Fig.'4 8, a broken section taken on line'fX8 in Fig.' 7, corresponding with the section c )nlines4 in Figs.,7 and 10; Fig. 10 a' broken and .partlyisectional plan-view taken on linen X1. in Fig. 5'. Fig. 1 1, a broken section taken n'firregular' line X in Fig. 7, corresponding' with the same* lines' in Figs. 5 and 10.' Fig. 12' a' diagram illustrating the electric circuit'employed; and Figs'. 13 and 14 plan sections taken respectively onlines X13 andXM in Fig. 7, correspondingv with the same lines lin Figs. 5, 6, 8 and. 11.

Mounted upon the yoke-frame 1` is an intrunk piston 3' having-a connecting rod4. Connectedfwith the` free end o'f the rod 4 4are two' companion toggle-links 5, 51, pivotally -secured "at' their opposite' ends lto the yoke frame'. Also pivotally connected with the end of the ro'd 4vis a power-link 6' which, atit's opposite end is, pivotally' connected with' afwork-performingf'ram, ortool holder ,17; sliding'ina 'guide'through-the end of the 'yok'efframef- Fastened inthe v tool-holder 7 is" a rivet he'adir'ig' 'die-member 8 -to cooperate withfa' die-member 9 Lm'ounted upon the 'anvil-'portion 'go'f' the yoke-frame l. The

I `eq'ip' 'ed with'la bail 10 by' means of which it ma' be suspended andin' which it may he turi'edto' different' anglesin the' vertical meclianism, as pressure multiplying means,

forming memher,- or t'o'ol, differentpositions 3, broken and partly sectional same lines' in Figs. 5 and 10'; Fig, 9, a broken 7, a further enlarged termi-combustion' cylinder 2 containing a :inachine'lillus'trated is'o'f the" portabli't'ype -in a bracket 131 forming an integral part of plosive mixture to the pump-cylinder 11 vthrough a port 21 andinlet-valve 22. The

thereby closing the 'in the plane. On the rear end of the cylinder 2 is a pump cylinder 11 containing a piston 12. Un the top of the cylinder 2 1s an electric motor 13 having a shaft 14 provided with a crank 15 With which.. the stem of the piston 12 is connected.

0n one side of the machine is an operating lever 16 fitting removably upon the squared projecting end of a rock-shaft 17 journaled a controlling-box casing 18 cast upon the side of the cylinder 2. At one side of the pump-cylinder 11 is a tank 19 for holding gasolene, or the like, and 2t) is an air and gas mixing device connected with the fuel tank 19 tsee Fig. 6) anol adapted to supply; the exdischarge valve 23 of the pump communi` cates through a port 24 with the inner end, or combustion-chamber portion 2a, of the cylinder 2Q 1n the end of the cylinder 2 is an igniter 26, of the make and break type, having a stationary contact-point 27 and a movable contact-point 28. '1`he contact.- point 28 is upon a rock-shaft 29 actuated to rock in one'direction by a return spring a and having an arm 30 projecting, in the controllingbox, between collars or lugs c d carried by a longitudinal sliding rod 31, as most plainly shown in Fig. 7. The rod 31 at one end is in the path of an arm 32, car,- ried by the shaft 17to be moved thereby longitudinally in one' direction against the resistance ora return-spring .ln the movement of the rod 3l under pressure from the arm 32 the lug or stop d moves away from the arm 30, permitting the spring a (,see Fig. 10) to turn the shaft 2t) and move the contact-point 28 to the contact-point 27,

sparker-circuit, hereinafter described. 'lhe return-spring 33 tends to hold the rod 31 in one extreme position, indicated in Fig. 7, wherein the lug or collar c bears against a stationary guide in the controlling-box. As'hereinat'ter explained, the movement of the rod 31, under pressure from the arm 32, also operates to close the circuit of the pump-actuating motor 13 to start the pump; andv the breaking of the said circuits, to stop the pump and operate the igniter, occurs in the return movement of the rod 31 under the action of the spring 33. v

Mounted upon a pin beneath the rod 31 is 1 swinging spring-pressed latch 54 adapted to engage the lug d and hold thc rod 31 position to which it is pressed4 by the arm The rod 31 carries a motor-circuit switch 35. 3G is a cylinder, in the controlling box, containing a piston or plunger 37 and in open communication, through port 38, with the interior of the cylinder 2. A spring 39 tends to press the piston in the direction of the port 38, the spring being tensioned by a sliding sleeve 4t). )perat ing against. the end oil the sleeve Lit), to press it'. in the direction of compressing the spring 39, is a cam 11 which engages an adjustable screw A12 in the end o1 the sleeve. The .screw may be locked in adjusted position by means of a jam-nut 43 is an exhaust-valve .having a stem 431, the end of which is in position to be engaged by an arm L14 carried by therock shaft 17. The arms and 41 project itroui opposite sides of the shaft 17 and are respectively arranged to engage the rod 31 and the exhaust-valve stem 43 in reverse movement.` 4 of the shaft 17 brought about by the lever 16. The exhaust-valve is held to its seat by a spring 45 and when opened permits the cylinder to exhaust to the outlet 16. 'l`hc outlet 11G is threaded to recei\vx an exhaustpipe, it' desired.

The swinging latch 34 is.in the torni ot a. lever, the arm L17 of which exteinls` through a slot in the cylinder 36 and a .slotI 1S in the sleeve 10, into the path oi a tapered e' T0 of the piston-stein 4S). The tapered part ot) operates as a cam to move against the end of the arm 4i' and swing the latch to withdraw it from the lug or st op d. and thereby rele-asc the rod 31 to permit ii`- return by the spring 33. The piden 17 is moved by the pressure of the explosivetluiil in the cylinder 2, to seaty againsrt a --houli|er 36", whenever the said pressure exceeds the torce of the tcnsioued spring 3S), the tension ol the spring being regulated by the positie-n et" tle cani l1.

ln the drawings the aplraratus is shown provided 'with a tri-phase motor i'or operai.- ing the pump, and with means lor connccting the motor with a tri-phase generator. 51 a cable termimitingl in an insulating); block 5-. The cable contains the conductor wires 53, 51, 55,56 and 5T leading to conducting` plugs 531, 511, 55, 561 and SL71. 53 designates bushings for the plugsJ in an insulating plate 59 fastened to the easing 18 by screws 60. The plugs .331, ."rand hh are connected with a generator 6l through the conductors 53, fri. and the plug Siti connected by meansl o1 the coiuluctor 513 with one .side o1" a source otI electrical cnergv as the .sparker-lnittery 132. 'Vlie plug 5T passes through the insulating plate .35) to connect the casing` 13 with thc ,around side oi' the battery through the conductor :37. The bushings olI the plugs ."vi, ha are connected through conductors 53, 541' and 55 with the stationary contacts U4 ot the switch 35. 611 are stationary contacts of the switch 35 connected with the pumpY motor 13 through conductors 53H'. 511 55m. The contacts 63 are upon insulated spring arms 35", 35, 35m carried by 4the rod 31, and they are movable i'nto engage mentwith the companion contacts G-l, ti'l to connect the generator 61 With the motor 13, when the rod 31 is moved by means of the arm 32, until locked by: engagementet the swinging latch with the stop d, as shovvn in Fig. 5. f.

The cam il is upon the end portion of a rocking sleeve 65, loosely surrounding the rock shaft 17; and secured to the outer end portion of the said sleeve is a short lever 66 provided with a spring catch 67. Extending through an opening in the casing 18 and fastened against/the bracket 181 is a stationary sleeve, surrounding the rockin@- sleeve 65, andcarryinga stationary dia plate 68 having graduated openings or sockets to be engaged by the catch 67.4 The catch 67, which is of the plunger type, (see Fig. 8) passes through an inner sleeve on the lever 66; and surrounding said sleeve,

to slide thereon, is ahandle 69 to which the catch 67 is secured at itsy outer end. A confined springhoused Within the handle and surrounding the said sleeve operates to move the catch into a socket of the dial 68 When it registers therewith. When it is desired to cause the catch to release a socket of the dial this may be done by a slight outward pull upon the'handle 69. Turning ofthe lever 66,'by means of the handle 69 along the dial plate 68, turns the sleeve 65 and cam ell. Thus when turned in one direction the handle causes the'cam to increase the tension of the spring 39, and When turned in the opposite direction it turns the cam lil to diminish the tension of the spring 39. The cam is adjustable upon the-sleeve 65 and may be secured in adjusted position-by means of .a set-screw 70. l

The head 71 4of the cylinder'2 is fastened in place by tie-bolts 72, and is formed with an annular socket or dash-pot 73 adapted to receive and lit closely the end of the piston Thus when the piston moves outivard under the force of an explosion its outer annular end `portion enters the dashpot 73 which forms an air-cushion. The cushioning of the piston prevents its impacting against the head 7l under any circumstances. y

0n one side oitl the yoke frame is resilient means for returning the piston, toggle and attendant parts to initial position vvhenthel cylinder is exhaustedv `ait'ter an explosion. rThismeans comprises alspring 7 5y incased in n telescoping housing 7,6,ivhich is connected by a stud77 to the yoke-frame 1., `At its opposite end the spring', is connected by` meansot a link 78 Withastud 79 onthe link. f 'f Normally the operating lever 1,6 hangs. of 'its oivn weight inthe.l vertical plane, the arms 32 and 4:4 being 'out of contact with they ends of the rods 31 and 43. The force of an explpsion against the piston in the cylinder depends upon the degree ofcompression tol which the explosive mixture has .been raised previous to the explosion. It will be understood, in riveting, for example, that rivets' of diierent diameters vill require dierent degrees of pressure to properly set them.` Too little pressure would not accomplish the 'object in a single operation and too great pressure would crowd the rivet unduly,

thereby tending to expand and weaken the material around the rivet. Other reasons might be given Why in riveting, for example, the pressure applied to the Work should be neither too light nor too heavy. The graduated sockets inthe dial plate indicate the positions to which the handle 69 must be turned to insure the desired degree of compression in the cylinder at the time of an explosion. The operator therefore, knowing in advan'ce what pressure is required for the particular operation, turns the handle 69 to the proper position upon the dial. He then swings the lever 16 toward the left, in Figs. l apd 5, causing the arm 82 to move the rod 31 until caught by engagement of the catchv V3st with the stop d. This movement of the rod closes the switch 35 land permits the sparker points of the ignition device to be closed together, as described. While the catch 84 holds the parts locked in this position the motor operates V"the pump to force explosive mixture into the cylinder behind the piston: The power oi tlre return spring 7 5 is little more than suiiicient to return the parts to initial position after an exhaust, and as pressure accumulates in the cylinder under the force of thc pump the piston is moved and moves the toggle-mechanism against the resistance of the spring 75 until 1 the Work-performing member, or die, 8,-con- Ltacts With the rivet 81, as indicated by full lines in Fig. 1. The piston is thus positively stopped against further travel and the pump continues to raise the pressure in the cylinder behind the piston. This pressure bears also against the piston 37, through the port 38, and vvhen the pressure overcomes the tension of the spring 39, the piston 37 is moved to the stop or shoulder 36, causing the camshaped end 50 of the rod 49 to engage and turn the catch 3ft out of engagement with the stop d. This release of the stop causes' the rod 31 to be moved quickly to the left in Figs. 5 and 7, thereby opening the switch 35 and causing the motor and pump to stop. Simultaneously with. the stopping of the pump,or practically so, the' stopd contacts with .and swings the lever 30 toseparate the pressed mixture in the cylinder. The pressure of the pumped fluid, which effects initial contact oi the Work-producing-member with the Work, as described,by squeezing the relatively moving members of the toggle and attendant mechanisms together, avoids all lost pointsof the igniter-device andproduce a y f Aspark which yeffects'explosion of thecommotion between the members ivhen. an explosion occurs. Thus the force of the explosion, from the very beginning, is directed against the vfoik through the power multiplying toggle-mechanism and results in great pressure, of a controlled degree, being exerted against the Work.

After setting a rivet it is often desirable to maintain great pressure thereon until it has cooled somewhat. Although rather rapid reduction of pressure occurs in the cylinder, after the force of the explosion has reached its maximum, the toggle-links will, While in their extended position, prolong the pressure upon the rivet. As soon as desired, after an explosion, the operator swings the lever 16 to the right, in Figs. 1 and 5, causing the arm 44 to engage the stem 43 of the exhaust.- valve and open the latter. The spring 75 then operates to return the parts to initial position, causing the piston 3 to scavenge the cyl inder.

While ive prefer to construct our improvements throughout as shown and described, they may be variously modified in the matter of details and combinations of parts Without departing from the spirit of our invention as defined by the'claims.

1What ive claim as neiv and desire to secure by Letters Patent isl. In a. machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a Work-perfiirming member operatively connected With the piston, motor- "1 operated means for compress-,nig an explosive charge in the cylinder behind the piston at. regulable intervals under the control of the operator, and means for igniting'the compressed charge.

2. In a machine of the character described, the combination of ay cylinder', a piston itherein, a Work-performing m'ember operatively connected With the piston, an electric- .ally operated motor compressor for compressing an explosive charge in the cylinder behind the piston, and means for igniting the compressed charge.

In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a \voil:-perforniing member operatively connected with the-piston, manually controlled motor operated means for coinpressing an explosive charge in the cylinder behind the piston at regulable intervals under the control of the operator, and means for igniting the compressed charge.

4. In a machine of the character described, the'l combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a work performing member operatively connected with the piston, means for coini'n'essing an explosive charge in the cylinder behind the piston, and means actuated by the pressure of the charge to stop the further compression thereof Wlien such pressure approximates a predetermined limit.

ln a machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a ivoi'li' performing member operatively conneeted with the piston, means for supplying a compressed explosive charge to the cylinder behind the piston, and means operating automatically to stop further supply and ignite the charge when the pressure of the charge in the cylinde approximates a predetermined limit` G. In a machine of the character described. the combination of a cylinder, a .piston therein, a ivorlr performing member operatively connected with the piston, means tor supplying a -conipressed explosive charge to the cylinder behind thc piston, means operating autonnitimilly to stop further supply and ignite the charge when the pressure ot the charge in the cylinder approximates a predcterinined limit, and .means for arying said limit.

7. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a work performing member operatively connected ivith the piston, a poweroperated pum'p for compressing' an explosive charge in the cylinder behind the piston, manually controlled means for starting the pump, and lneans operating automatically tostop'the pump and ignite the charge when the pressure of the charge approximates a predetermined limit.

8. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a Work performing member opera.- tively connected with the piston, a poweroperated pump for compressing an explosive charge in the'cyliiider behind the piston, manually controlled means for starting the pump, means operating automatically to stop the pump and ignite the charge when the pressure of the charge approximates :i predetermined limit, and means for varying said limit.

9. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a Work performing member operatively connected ivitli the piston, a pump for compressing an explosive charge in the cyliiider behind the piston, an electric motor for operating said pump, means for closing the motor circuit, and means operating automatically to break said circuit to stop the pump when the pressure of the charge approximates a predetermined limit.

10. In a machine of the character dcscribed, the comliiination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a work-performing member operative] y connected with the piston, a pump for compressing an explosive charge in the cylinder behind the piston, an electric motor for operating said pump, electric sparking means for igniting said cliai'; 'e, means for closing the motor and sparking, circuits, and means operating automatically llfi ' to break said circuits to stop the pump andy ignite the charge when the pressure ofthe charge approximates a predetermined limit.

11. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a- Work-performing member operatively connected with the piston, Aa

power-operated pump for compressing anexplosive charge in the cylinder behind the piston, a single means for igniting the compressed charge and stopping the pump, the starting of the pump and exhausting of the charge boing under thev direct control of the piston, and means for igniting the compressed charge and stopping the pump, the startinof of the pump and exhausting of the chargehbeing under the direct control o' the operator through Athe medium of a single manually operated lever.

13. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a. piston therein, a Work-performing member operatively connected With the piston, a pump for compressing an explosive charge in the cylinder behind the piston, a pumpy actuating electric motor, an electric sparker for igniting said charge, an operating handle, means, in the path ot increment oi said handle in one direction, for closing the motor and sparker circuits, means actuated by the pressure of the charge to break said circuits,`

to stop the motor and ignite the charge, when the pressure of the charge approximates a predetermined limit, and exhausting means for the cylinder in the path of said handle.

let. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a Work-performing member operatively connected With the piston, 'means for compressingan explosive charge in the cylinder behind the piston, an electric sparker for igniting the compressed charge, manually operated means for-closing the sparker-circuit, catch mechanism for locking said circuit-closing means in contact, and means operating automatically to release said catch mechanism to open said circuit and ignite the charge When the pressure of the charge approximates a predetermined limit.

15. In a machine oil the character described, the combination of av cylinder, a piston therein, 'a Work-performing member operatively connected with 'the piston, a

lmotor' for operating sai pump for com ressing an explosive charge in the cylinder ehind the iston, an electric` pump, electric-l sparking means for igniting said charge,

.means for closing the motor and sparker cir- Lcuits,vcatch mechanism for locking said cirlcuits closed, 'and means operating automatically to release said catchmechanism to open said circuits and thereby stop vthe motor and ignite the charge When thev pressure of the chargel approximates a predetermined limit. i A

16. In a machine of the character .described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston therein, a work-performing member operatively connected with the piston, a

pump for compressing an explosive chargein the cylinder behind the piston, an electric motor for operating said pump, a` sliding spring returned rod, a motor circuit, opening and closing means on the rod for the motor-circuit, an electric sparking device for igniting said charge in the path of movement of said rod,A a lever for moving said rod to eifect closing of said circuits, catch mechanism for locking said rod in its circuit closing position, and regulable means operating automatically when the pressure of the charge approximates a predetermined limit to release said catch mechanisinand permit rc- -turn of the rod to open said circuits and thereby stop the motor and ignite the charge.

17. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a main cylinder, a piston therein, a Work-performing member operatively connected with the piston, means for compressing an explosive charge in the main cylinder, 'an' electric-sparker, an operating handle movable to etfect closure of the sparker-circuit, a plunger-cylinder, a plunger in the plunger-cylinder exposed at one end to the pressure in the main-cylinder to be moved thereby in one direction, a catch lfor locking said circuit closed arranged in the path of said plunger and adapted to be released in said movement thereof, a returnspring for the plunger, a tensioning cam for the spring, yan adjusting handle for the cam, and a pressure indicating dial across the face of which the handle is movable, wherebyl the approximate degree of the desiredcompression of the charge and its ignition is regulated, as set forth. In testimony whereof, We have hereunto set our hands at Los Angeles, California this 28th day of May, 1908. i

1 MORRIS C. VHITE.

OTH() C. DURYEA. In presenceof*w JAMES R. TOWNSEND, M. BEULAH TowNsnND. 

